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Issues of the American Civil War
Issues of the American Civil War include questions about the name of the war, the tariff, states' rights and the nature of Abraham Lincoln's war goals. For more on naming, see Naming the American Civil War.
The question of how important the tariff was in causing the war stems from the Nullification Crisis, which was South Carolina's attempt to nullify a tariff and lasted from 1828 to 1832. The tariff was low after 1846, and the tariff issue faded into the background by 1860 when secession began. States' rights was the justification for nullification and later secession. The most controversial right claimed by Southern states was the alleged right of Southerners to spread slavery into territories owned by the United States.
As to the question of the relation of Lincoln's war goals to causes, goals evolved as the war progressed in response to political and military issues, and can't be used as a direct explanation of causes of the war. Lincoln needed to find an issue that would unite a large but divided North to save the Union, and then found that circumstances beyond his control made emancipation possible, which was in line with his "personal wish that all men everywhere could be free".〔Lincoln's Letter to Horace Greeley, August 22, 1862.〕
==Economic issues==
Historians generally agree that economic conflicts were not a major cause of the war. Economic historian Lee A. Craig reports, "In fact, numerous studies by economic historians over the past several decades reveal that economic conflict was not an inherent condition of North-South relations during the antebellum era and did not cause the Civil War."〔Craig in Woodworth, ed. ''The American Civil War: A Handbook of Literature and Research'' (1996), p. 505〕 When numerous groups tried at the last minute in 1860-61 to find a compromise to avert war, they did not turn to economic policies.〔Donald 2001 pp 134-38〕 Aside from the economic institution of slavery, no other economic issues brought about the Civil War.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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